Disuse Left Hand Atrophy and Persistent Left Clenched Fist in an Adult with Catatonic Schizophrenia

A brief history of the "clenched fist" image

The human hand has been used in art from the very beginnings, starting with stunning examples in Neolithic cave paintings. Early examples of the fist in graphic art can be found at least as far back as 1917 [1], with another example from Mexico in 1948 [2]. Fist images, in some form, were used in numerous political graphic genres, including the French and Soviet revolutions, the United States C...

Persistent left superior vena cava with bilateral azygos system in an adult.

The condition to be described was discovered during routine dissecting-room work in a man aged 88, who had no history of any illness during life, and whose death was due to bronchopneumonia. The left subclavian and internal jugular veins united in the neck to form a left superior vena cava which passed directly down over the arch of the aorta and the pulmonary trunk to lie between the left auri...

Left renal atrophy.

BACKGROUND We tried to understand whether or not there is a higher risk of left renal atrophy in human being. METHODS All patients applying to the Hematology Service with any underlying complaint were studied. RESULTS The study included 2,417 cases (1,248 females). The mean ages were 47.3 versus 50.7 years in females and males, respectively (p<0.000). There were 33 cases (1.3%) with the lef...

persistent isolated right atrial standstill associated with left atrial tachycardia

introduction atrial standstill is a rare condition, characterized by absence of atrial electrical and mechanical activity evident in surface electrocardiography echocardiography, or fluoroscopy, which is associated with unresponsiveness of atria to maximal output electrical stimulation. this condition can be present with thromboembolic complication, low cardiac output, and sometimes palpitation...

Photometrazol sensitivity in catatonic schizophrenia.